28 pp. pp. 2008. Brown-headed Cowbirds frequently lay eggs in the nests of Hooded Warblers, a behavior known as nest parasitism. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, ON. However, habitat degradation at breeding sites and habitat loss and degradation at migration stopover sites and on the wintering grounds are potential threats. The Hooded Warbler is socially monogamous with most breeding males having a single female on their territory. Update COSEWIC status report on the Hooded Warbler Wilsonia citrina in COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Hooded Warbler Wilsonia citrina in Canada. Figure 4. 1996. Within southern Ontario, most of the increase in forest cover has occurred in southeastern Ontario and elsewhere in the Lake Simcoe-Rideau region, which now has 35% forest cover (and 56% agriculture) (OMNR 2006). Sutherland, Kandyd Szuba, David White, Allen Woodliffe, and Katharine Yagi. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia [accessed October 2011]. BBS data have been used to calculate population estimates and population trends at various geographic scales (Rich et al. This section of the report draws on information from the US range as summarized in the revised Birds of North America species account (Chiver et al. Kilgo, J.C. and C.E. Quantitative information on trends in forest quality is not available, but most forest habitat within the current Ontario breeding range is relatively young; only about 12% of southern Ontario forest is classified as mature, and < 1% is considered old-growth (OMNR 2006). Chapman, and K.V. 37-42 in Bird of Elgin County: a century of change. 2007). 2010. In spring and fall, individuals appear to wander widely and are reported annually in areas north (Massachusetts) and west (California and Arizona) of the regular breeding range (Chiver et al. Chiver, Ioana, L. J. Ogden and B. J. Stutchbury. McFarland, J.D. Thursday, September 1st It's nice to see that migration is happening and new birds are arriving from up north. The range map used in Figure 1 was prepared with data provided by NatureServe in collaboration with Robert Ridgeley, James Zook, The Nature Conservancy – Migratory Bird Program, Conservation International – CABS, World Wildlife Fund – US, and Environment Canada – WILDSPACE. Andrew Couturier of Bird Studies Canada provided the map used in Figure 2. The Hooded Warbler was first reported in Canada before 1860 at Hamilton, Ontario and it was considered “a rare migrant” in Ontario during the early 1900s (Baillie 1925). Stutchbury, B.J.M. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in May 2012. Two studies at sites in Pennsylvania and Ontario found fledgling survival is low in the first few days after leaving the nest, with 19% and 49% of the tracked fledglings surviving to independence (Eng 2007; Rush and Stutchbury 2008; Chiver et al. Habitat area requirements of breeding forest birds of the Middle Atlantic states. Effects of selective logging on breeding bird communities in bottomland hardwood forests in Louisiana. Longevity records of North American birds. Females appear to have higher dispersal rates than males (not related to breeding success) but more study is needed (Howlett and Stutchbury 2003; Chiver et al. 2011). 165 pp. Both sexes overlap in intermediate habitat types (Chiver et al. Sutherland, G.G. 1997. Pasher, J., D. King, and K. Lindsay. 2008. Fortin, F. Csillag, and K. Lindsay. Special Publication, Canadian Wildlife Service, Canada. 2001. Ph.D. thesis, University of Toronto. Snell, and H.G. A few males are polygynous and have two females, and a variable proportion of territorial males remain unmated. The extent of occurrence (EO) of the Hooded Warbler in Canada, as delineated by the convex range envelope polygon described by all occurrences with probable or confirmed breeding evidence reported during OBBA2 (2001-05), is approximately 50,000 km² (or about 75,000 km² if records with possible breeding evidence are included). The Canadian population constitutes less than 1% of the global Hooded Warbler population, which was estimated to be approximately 4,000,000 birds based on BBS data from the 1990s (Rich et al. Its breeding distribution at the northern periphery of the range is patchy. 80 pp. 2011. Total field effort in southern Ontario increased moderately during OBBA2 and comparisons between atlases have been adjusted to correct for effort (Cadman et al. 2008). 2011; BSC unpubl. All available information including historic records, 81 squares with breeding evidence including 130 territories in Norfolk County and 33 territories in Niagara Region, Heagy and Badzinski 2011 (for this report), 500 to 1000 territories in 2010 (1000 to 2000 individuals), 2007 Hooded Warbler survey and recent trends. Compilation and analysis of long-term Hooded Warbler data from southern Ontario. Hooded Warbler Setophaga citrina In the forest undergrowth, this skulking warbler seems to call attention to itself by frequently fanning its tail quickly open and shut, flashing the white outer tail feathers. James, R.D. This species also received legal protection in the United States and Mexico under similar legislation. Designations are made on native species for the following taxonomic groups: mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, arthropods, molluscs, vascular plants, mosses, and lichens. 2002. 1991. High densities occur in forests that have been selectively logged within the past 5-15 years, provided that many large-trees have been retained (Whittam et al. Draft manuscript, April 2010. Landscape ecology of birds breeding in temperate forest fragments. Porter. Collins, and E.H. Dunn. Ryall, A. Piscopo and T.W. comm., October 2011). This gap-specialist species is dependent on ephemeral nesting sites and is adapted to colonizing new habitat created by natural windfall or tree removal. They are generally solitary on the breeding and wintering grounds, but they may join mixed-species flocks that pass through areas on the wintering grounds. These surveys covered most but not all areas with known or potentially occupied habitat in southern Ontario. Longevity records of North American birds. 2011). Hooded Warblers are common and their populations increased by around 1% per year between 1966 and 2015, according to the North American Breeding Bird Survey. 2007. Bird Studies Canada, Port Rowan, ON. Federation of Ontario Naturalists. 2 Click here to hear another song of Hooded Warblers, with two males counter-singing. Lambert, L.R. The total number of person-hours of field effort increased with each round of surveys, from 350 field hours in 1997 to over 1600 person-hours in 2007 (Heagy and Badzinski 2008). Data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) indicate that the northern margin of the breeding distribution shifted 115 km north over a 26-year interval (Hitch and Leberg 2007). Forest birds of conservation concern breeding in close proximity to Hooded Warblers in Ontario include: Acadian Flycatcher, Empidonax virescens, Endangered; Cerulean Warbler, Setophaga cerulea, Endangered; and Louisiana Waterthrush, Parkesia motacilla, Special Concern. Change in avian abundance predicted from regional forest inventory data. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, ON. 2002; Hetzel and Leberg 2006; Chiver et al. 2007). 19 pp. Population models using SWCR data show that growth rate is most sensitive to local adult survivorship (Calvert and Badzinski in prep.). Auk 125(1):183-191. The observed pattern of northward range expansion of the Hooded Warbler (and other “southern” landbird species), as depicted by BBS and BBA data from recent decades, is generally consistent with the pattern of change in various climatic variables associated with climate warming (Matthews et al. McCracken, J., D. Martin, I. Bisson, M. Gartshore, and R. Knapton. Cadman, P.F.J. Canada warbler. 1 Click here to hear the song of a Hooded Warbler. Given the observed increase in the Hooded Warbler population in Canada, habitat availability does not appear to be a limiting factor at present. Kingston Field Naturalists, Kingston, Ontario.611 pp. Wilsonia citrina. The total global breeding range (extent of occurrence) is approximately 2,000,000 km², while the total global wintering range is much smaller at approximately 750,000 km² (derived from Ridgeley et al. 1998. Fitzgerald. 2011. within 1 m of the ground (Gartshore 1988; Bisson and Stutchbury 1998; Whittam et al. Ziolkowski, Jr, and W. A. 151 pp. Hooded Warbler population counts and estimates for southern Ontario in 1988, 1997, 1998, 2002 and 2007 (data from Gartshore 1988; Heagy, Table 2. 2007. 2011). Data Deficient (DD)*** During the 2007 Hooded Warbler survey, breeding evidence was reported in an additional 37 cells. At SWCR, each year about 20% of nesting pairs produce two successful broods and a few instances of females attempting a third brood have been reported (BSC unpubl. Does breeding density covary with extra-pair fertilizations in Hooded Warblers? 2000; Environment Canada 2011). It is migratory, wintering in Central America and the West Indies. 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